The Reason and Impact of Marine Pollution on the Sudanese Red Sea Coastal Water

Mohamed Ali Abushama, Tahani B. ELyas

Abstract: Maritime pollution include all kind of activities which cause damage or decay to the characteristics of sea water which lead to defect in environmental system and decrease its capability to fulfill its natural role in life. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Sudanese Red Sea Coastal in the period from 2015 to 2017.The objective is to study the reasons and impact of maritime pollution. Data was collected from the record and interview.The study found that oil pollution consider as one of significant and serious maritime environment contaminants due to expansion of international oil trade through ports Bashayer Marine Terminal (1) and (2) which representative as the main producer and exporter of oil. Sudanese coast encounter to an accident of pollution by oil from Bashayer (2) port which leads to spread of oil in large area and the effect extends to all adjacent berths in the area. Also, causes death of numbers of organism, immigration of fish and cessation of fishing at the area. Even Mangrove trees affected by pollution. The study recommends that, strengthening the role of local authorities in Red Sea State in preservation of coastal environment which reinforce the insurance of maritime environment, activate national plan to control oil leak cases regarding supplying equipment's.Coordination and cooperation with Government and non-government organizations in nation and Red sea state to control maritime pollution.

Keywords: Marine, Pollution, Sudanese Red Sea Coastal, Sudan.