Exploring the Potential of Wireless Sensor Networks: Applications and Challenges

Lawal R. L., Muhsin A., Iliyas M. U., Akande H. F.

Abstract: This research paper explores the potential of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various application domains and addresses the challenges associated with their implementation. The introduction provides an overview of WSNs and their resource constraints, while the literature review highlights their wide range of applications, including transportation, area monitoring, military operations, healthcare, environmental sensing, structural monitoring, and agriculture. The methodology section details the system development process, which employs the waterfall methodology and process evaluation methods to gather accurate information. The proposed system utilizes a multi-hop infrastructure-less architecture with power, mobility, and task management modules. Both functional and non-functional system requirements, as well as hardware and software requirements, are thoroughly considered. The results and discussion section presents key findings, including the successful implementation of a fingerprint biometric authentication system and the evaluation of temperature and smoke detection sensors. These results demonstrate the functionality and reliability of these technologies for their intended applications. Overall, this research contributes to our understanding of wireless sensor networks and their potential to improve various aspects of our lives. It aligns with previous studies on routing protocols, security, and wireless ad hoc networks. However, further research is needed to address challenges such as simultaneous recognition of multiple activities using wireless body sensor networks and improving the robustness of face detection algorithms. Real-world temperature and smoke detection sensor testing will provide comprehensive validation and contribute to advancements in smart home technologies.

Keywords: Sensors, Nodes, Microcontroller, EEPROM Programmer, surveillance, Wireless Sensor Networks