In Vitro Assessment of Anti-Venom Effect of Polyalthia Korinti Extracts against Cobra Venom

M. Satya Prasad, A. Krishna Satya

Abstract: The antivenom potential of Polyalthia korinti leaves and bark extracts were tested against Cobra snake venom using Phospholipase activity and Caseinolytic inhibition methods. P. korinti extracts inhibited PLA2 dependent hemolysis of sheep RBCs induced by Cobra venom in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of plant extract at which the hemolytic halo (11 mm) was reduced to half its original diameter (5.5 mm) may be used to assess venom phospholipase inhibition. The hemolytic halo of 5.37?0.12 mm and 5.43?0.06 was observed to inhibit 600?g/ml of venom by 3 mg/ml of methanol extracts of leaves and bark respectively. And leaves water extract also reduced the hemolytic halo (11 mm) to half of its diameter (5.39?0.07) at 5 mg/ml concentration. Caseinolytic inhibition assay indicated that all the extracts of P. korinti leaves and bark showed inhibitory activity against the proteolytic activity of the Cobra venom. Out of all the extracts, methanol and water extracts completely inhibited the proteolytic activity of venom at different concentrations. The methanol extract of leaves and bark completely inhibited the proteolytic activity of venom at the ratio of 1: 50 and 1: 60 (w/w) venom: plant extract respectively. At a ratio of 1: 70 (w/w) venom: water extract of leaves and bark also completely inhibited the proteolytic activity of venom. Out of all the extracts, Methanol extracts of leaves and bark of P. korinti showed the most potent phospholipase inhibition and proteolytic activities.

Keywords: Cobra snake venom, Phospholipase activity, Caseinolytic inhibition, proteolytic activity