Effect of Heating Temperature, Combination of Lignin and Chitosan on Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Plastics Soybean Shell Waste

Sri Anastasia Yudistirani, Mara Tripambudi

Abstract: Plastic waste from petroleum raw materials is difficult to decompose by microbes, causing a pile of plastic waste that continues to increase every year. According to Indonesia's domestic waste statistics, which consists of plastic waste, it is ranked second, amounting to 5.4 million tons per year or 14% of total waste production, and this number is expected to continue to increase every year. In order to anticipate global trends in the use of plastics, especially in the packaging industry, research needs to be carried out in finding new biodegradable plastic material alternatives, one of which comes from soybean husks. Research is carried out through the addition of chitosan and lignin in various compositions or variations in mass and temperature. Plastic characteristic tests are performed by measuring the mechanical properties (tensile strength) of biodegradable plastics and elongation. Research shows that soybean husk can potentially be used as a bioplastic because it has the ability to degrade up to 90% for 14 days, tensile strength of 15.9 mPA and water resistance of 31.6%. So, it can be concluded that at a heating temperature of 450C for 24 hours with the addition of a combination of chitosan and lignin obtained the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic made from soybean husk which can be used as a substitute material for plastic.

Keywords: Biodegradable, Bioplastic, Chitosan, Lignin, Resistance, Strength, Water