Next-Gen Smart Instrument Cluster with ESP32

Santhi Priya G

Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of a Next-Generation Smart Instrument Cluster utilizing the ESP32 microcontroller. Traditional analog vehicle dashboards are being rapidly replaced with digital interfaces that offer real-time monitoring, interactivity, and enhanced user experience. This paper proposes a cost-effective, feature-rich digital instrument cluster built using the ESP32, TFT display, DS1307 RTC module, potentiometers, and push buttons. The system emulates an automotive dashboard that includes arc-based RPM gauge, fuel level and battery indicators, gear and drive status displays, and real-time date and time features. Using TFT_eSPI graphics library, the interface supports dynamic visualizations with smooth animations and responsive controls. Direction indicators, gear shift logic, and brightness modes add further utility to the cluster. The ESP32?s integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth expand its potential for future connectivity and IoT integration. Results demonstrate the system?s real-time performance and flexibility, while future work could involve CAN bus interfacing, voice control, and data logging to cloud platforms. The paper provides an educational and practical model for modern vehicle instrumentation, demonstrating how open-source hardware can transform conventional automotive displays into intelligent, connected dashboards.

Keywords: ESP32, Instrument Cluster, Automotive Dashboard, Smart Display, Embedded Systems, RPM Gauge, Real-Time Clock, TFT Display, IoT